The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde - 1407 Words

Wilde’s ‘The Importance Of Being Earnest’ explores various themes of love and marriage, especially in Act 1, where marriage in Victorian society is widely contradicted as a ‘very pleasant state,’ instead using various comedic devises, such as puns, double entendres and inversions to mock its virtue and morality. Wilde creates comedy through the presentation of Victorian views on the functionality of marriage, ridiculing it as a social tool. The fact that Victorian society does not value the ‘love’ and romance of marriage is witnessed from the exposition, where Algernon’s mockery of social constraints is shown through his statements of â€Å"is marriage so demoralizing as that?† and â€Å"I really don’t see anything romantic in proposing.† This cynical view creates vast amounts of disorder as Algernon’s desire to escape his responsibilities clearly overrides his desire to settle down. This is illustrated through his view that â€Å"the very essence of romance is uncertainty† and therefore, perhaps, Victorian ideals, which dictate marriage to be a conventional source of gain, are not suited towards his anti-realist nature. Within his refusal to follow social conventions of the Victorian era, whereby courtship is typically functional rather than romantic, Wilde mocks the superficial tendencies of marriage as a social tool, as is displayed through the proposal that marriage is â€Å"demoralizing.† This not only conveys the concept of futility in marriage and loss of hope for a future that is notShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde707 Words   |  3 PagesWebsters dictionary defines earnest as â€Å"characterized by or proceeding from an intense and serious state of mind. Which can be considered a pun since thought this play we see the characters being more apathetic. The Importance of Being Earnest is the story of Jack Worthing is the main character and the protagonist of this play. He is a well of business man who lives in the country and is very well respected there. But Jack has a secret he lives another in the city of London where he claims to goRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde1750 Words   |  7 PagesHidden Symbols in The Importance of Being Earnest The Importance of Being Earnest written by Oscar Wilde takes place in 1895 and exposes the hypocritical social expectations of the end of the Victorian era. During the Victorian period, marriage was about protecting your resources and keeping socially unacceptable impulses under control. The play undeniable reveals and focuses satire around differences between the behaviors of the upper class and that of the lower class. Oscar Wilde uses comedic symbolismRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde913 Words   |  4 Pagesmake them known. This concept has come to be the brick and mortar of the wry play The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde The significance of the notion of being earnest is contradicted in the play, through Wilde’s clever use of words, characters digression of societal normalcy, and triviality of Victorian concepts. Cynical character Algernon asserts that women of Victorian society reinforce the importance of orderly money as a type of social contract. On page 3, it is quickly established theRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde773 Words   |  4 PagesIn the play by Oscar Wilde â€Å"The Importance of Being Earnest†, Wilde takes a comedic stance on a melodrama, portraying the duplicity of Victorian traditions and social values as the modernism of the twentieth century begins to emerge. The idea of the play revolves around its title of the characters discovering the importance of being earnest to their individual preferences. The author uses the traditional efforts of finding a marriage partner to illustrate the conflicting pressure of Victorian valuesRead MoreThe Impor tance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde975 Words   |  4 PagesThe Importance of Being Earnest is a play written by Oscar Wilde about a man named Jack who lies about his identity and ends up creating huge confusion about who he really is. The biggest notion that appears throughout the play is about character. There are many instances where the characters of the play lie about their identities and pretend to be people they are not. Oscar Wilde does this throughout the play in order to explain how one’s identity can be made up. One is not born with an identity;Read MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde1318 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Status in Persuasion and The Importance of Being Earnest Social status refers to a person s position or importance within a society. I have done some research and have acquired information over the way social status is addressed in both the writings of Jane Austen and Oscar Wilde. In the novel Persuasion we can see how the characters go beyond their means to uphold their title and social value. In the play The Importance of Being Earnest we can see how the social rank and wealth of a personRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde1293 Words   |  6 Pagescarrying yourself, many of which was not the must enjoyable of ways and lacked some fun that many need in their life. This forced many to split their Public life from the Private one. Written in the Victorian Era, the works of The importance of being earnest by Oscar Wilde, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson ,and Frankenstein by Mary Shelley displays how the characters need to keep be kept their Private lives separate from their Public lives in order to fi t into their strict VictorianRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde1364 Words   |  6 PagesIn order to fully understand the meaning of â€Å"The Importance of Being Earnest† and its importance in its time, one must look at Oscar Wilde’s background in relation to the Victorian time period. Biography.com states that Wilde had a very social life, growing up among influential Victorians and intellectuals of the time. As he grew older and became a successful writer, he began engaging in homosexual affairs which was a crime during the 19th century. He eventually started a relationship with AlfredRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde1382 Words   |  6 Pagesappeared to be strict. The Importance of Being Earnest, by Oscar Wilde, a nineteenth century author who was one of the most acclaimed playwrights of his day, is a play set in the Victorian time period that demonstrates how trivial telling the truth was. Different characters through out Wilde’s play establish their dishonestly through hiding who they really are and pretending to be someone whom they are not. In an essay titled â€Å"From ‘Oscar Wilde’s Game of Being Earnest,’† Tirthankar Bose describesRead MoreThe Importance Of Being Earnest By Oscar Wilde1243 Words   |  5 Pagesexuberant nonconformist and controversial playwright, eminent author Oscar Wilde produced critically acclaimed literary works that defined the essence of late Victorian England. Posthumously recognized for his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray and satiric comedy The Importance of Being Earnest, Wilde initially acquired criticism for his immoral and unconventional style of writing. Additionally, to his dismay, strife followed Wilde in his personal life as he was notoriously tried and incarcerated

My Darling Clementine 1946 Full Movie Analysis - Myassignmenthelp

Question: Write an essay on Film 'My Darling Clementine'? Answer: Film Analysis John Fords My Darling Clementine is the greatest movie made in western, and its also one f the most accurate version of film made by legend Wyatt Earp, but still this movie is one of the most entertaining film made ever (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). In this movie Henry Fonda is star as the previous lawman Wyatt Earp, but its task of cleaning up entire Dodge City, he arrives in the Tombstone outskirts along with its brothers named as Ward Bond; Virgil, named as Tim Holt, and James named as Don Garner, who plan to sell out their cattle and then settle as the gentleman farmers (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). This movie depicts that Wyatt has disgusted through crime along with rustling of cattle, but he eventually permit to go with the marshalling job, until he is able to collect the actual facts to bring justice into the case of Clanton clan (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). My Darling Clementine is referred as the archetype movie made in classic western (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). This movie is retelling of the similar story made by Erap brothers, whom also stand up with the evil of Clanton family, and it was directed by John Ford, who has proved itself as the genre Hollywood film-maker, and has also presented the best cultural artifacts (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). However, Ford is one of the most honored directors in Hollywood film industry, and is also remembered for its masterworks. My Darling Clementine is referred as the best film, and is truly counts in his remarkable career (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). My Darling Clementine has the powerful storyline and includes full-blooded characterizations. This movie is one of the most entertaining, as it includes little moments of humanizing, which is also quite common in the films directed by Ford (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). Cinematography The My Darling Clementine structure is quite straightforward as well as symmetrical, which starts with the ominous meetings between the Clantons and the Earps, and the movie ends with the shot of gun fight at the location of OK Corral (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). All this depicts to take place in around 3-4 days. Although all these events are actually grounded in the history, in which Ford claimed to hold the version directly through his friend Wyatt Earp, and the details about it is transformed to make it as the most popular movie (Davis1997). The figure of Doc Holliday is also transfigured the most in the film. Just like the main characters in the Man Who Shot Liberty Valance as well as The Searchers, the tragically of Holliday also stands among both the civilization and primitivism (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). Just like the Earps, this character also got failed to explore the different ways that reconcile the place within the changing world and also turns the alcoh ol as well as desire for the death (Bill 1998). Family disintegration is the most dominant theme in the prior work of Ford within the World War II. In My Darling Clementine, the contrast is presented among the Clantons and the Earps along with the death of shootout predestined (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). In this film, Earps are kept diametrically opposed of the Clantons, yet it also similarities exist (Scott 1999). In the both cases, the father in the movie holds the powerful influence. In the film named as Old Man it is noted that Clantons tries to beat his own sons with the bullying scene, which is similar to bullying like animals. However, it is noted that Earps are presented more as civilized and the same continuously appeal to their unseen father in the movie (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). In the end of My Darling Clementine, Morgan and Wyatt, who are referred as the surviving brothers, select to come to inform the Pa about all the current events, instead of remain as the support towards civilized Tombstone (Le e 1993). My Darling Clementine story is obvious and clunky, and the direction of the film is also little awkward as compared with the other movies of John Ford and what he might do in many more years to come, because the plot of the movie actually overstuffed, but none of these things actually matters (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). This is the John Ford movie, which starrer Henry Fonda (William 1996). This movie has the black and white cinematography, which actually looks great, when its provided with room to breathe and charisma of Fonda is sold even with the most hackneyed clich (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). In this film, plenty of western is presented in different ways, but actually it offers lot to learn from this movie (Andrew 1979). Editing My Darling Clementine most of the shooting is done in Monument Valley, which includes the scenes of desert regions, which straddling the border of Arizona Utah, which is used in the movies of John Ford (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). After viewing the previous of film screening, the studio of 20th Century fox has boss the Ford actual cut that was too long and even include certain weak spots; therefore, he has Bacon to shot the new footages and the same is edited in the movie (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). Its noted that Zanuck had Bacon to cut down around 30 minutes of the total film (Dan 1979). While the actual cut of Fords movie has not tried to create any surprise that its pre-release cuts dated through few months back after the screening of preview and is actually discovered in the film archive of UCLA (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). This version of the film tries to preserve certain additional footages along with alternative editing as well as scoring (Philippe 1964). The film preservationist of UCLA, Robert Gitt, has tried to edit the film version, which also incorporates the certain previous version (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). Perhaps, its noted that the important changes in the ending of the film is the original version of Ford, along with awkwardly shaking hand of Earp and the Clementine Carter (Andrew 1976). Scene The set of the film is the Tombstone frontier, which was built in the monument valley desert, and in this Mr. Ford has shot most of its picture (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). He is considered as the man who understands that the Western belongs to the main as well as out of the doors (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). When he tries to catch up the horseman or thump the stagecoach all over the waste of scrubby, the magnificent nature, such as desert and the sky has dwarfed the man energies (Crowther 1946). Yet its noted that this scene of both violence as well as intensity are actually played with the force along with meanness as well as rawness of the frontier of Tombstone in order to set the important relief of human beings (Joseph and Wilmington 1975). The movie presents that the humans whom Mr. Ford has imagined are not considered as the stereotype within the movie, in spite of the conventional as well as hackneyed the things, in which they are supposed to do so (Joseph and Wilmington 1975). Its noted from the film that Henry Fonda has played the role of Wyatt Earp, which is never seen before, and includes laconic young cowpoke that tries to suggest the morale aim of its character (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). Through its quit as well as self confidence, the delicious intonation of the words, he depicts the element character that is actually in dirt (Joseph and Wilmington 1975). Point of View In the end of the movie, the structure of the film, along with style and theme of ford is depicted to be quite undercutting the spirit of anarchic related to the western (Joseph and Wilmington 1975). The style adopted in the movie seems quite classical but at the same time it is contradiction as well as loose ends that are abounded (Joseph and Wilmington 1975). My darling Clementine presents the filmmaker works, which are actually ready to break the system of studio. This movie is the masterworks, along with ambiguity and complexity (Joseph and Wilmington 1975). The screenplay of the movie has some wonderful dialogue, and the best one is philosophical exchange between the Mac and Earp. The movie features the black and white photography (Joseph and Wilmington 1975). Narrative The script of My Darling Clementine, differentiate considerably by historical evidences, which helps in creating the additional dramatic character as well as conflicts within the film (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). The film presents that the Clementine Carter is not actually a historical person, and in the script of its movie it appears to an amalgam of Josephine Earp as well as Big Nose Kate. Just like the character of the movie, Earps is not drover, cowboys or either cattle owners (Joseph and Wilmington 1975). The significant plot device of this movie along with the personal details of the key characters is liberally adapted within this movie (My Darling Clementine (1946) 2015). References My Darling Clementine (1946). 2015. [Online]. Available at: https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/84301/My-Darling-Clementine/articles.html [Accessed on: 16th march 2015]. Davis, R. L.1997.John Ford: Hollywood's Old Master. Norman. Bill,L. 1998. John Ford: A Bio-Bibliography. Westport. Scott,E. 1999. Print the Legend: The Life and Times of John Ford. New York: Sage. Lee,L. 1993. Italian Irish Filmmakers in America: Ford,Capra, Coppola and Scorsese. Springfield. William,D. 1996. John Ford's Westerns: A Thematic Analysis, witha Filmography. Jefferson. Andrew,S. 1979. John Ford, London and New York. Dan,F. 1979. Pappy: The Life of John Ford, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. Crowther, B. 1946. Movie Review. [Online]. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9E06E4DF173BE033A05757C0A9649D946793D6CF [Accessed on: 16th march 2015]. Joseph, M. and Wilmington,M. 1975. John Ford, New York and London. Andrew,S. 1976. The John Ford Movie Mystery. London: Sage. Philippe,H. 1964. John Ford. Paris: Sage.

The Gender Oppression of Boys Essay Example For Students

The Gender Oppression of Boys Essay According to (how to crack the code of men 1998), the myth that men are unfeeling creates damaging relationship problems. That’s why there are differences between women and men in the emotional and social progress. Also, there is a major difference between raising a girl and a boy. Boys tend to be more violent while girls are raised to be more sensitive. However boys are harder in raising than girls in many different things, in communication, self esteem, school and in discipline. Boys and girls are ridiculously different on so many levels. Such as the way of communication, girls tend to be emotional while boys are feeling less. Parents are the main reason behind that men are hard-hearted. As a consequence, men take huge responsibility at young age, for example, taking care of their younger siblings in the absence of the father. Another sample; which men have to work hard and get exquisite grades as they will also be responsible for their own family. Therefore, that is a weight on their shoulders. Traditions also play a great deal on shutting boys feelings down. As the traditions are made by the society, so they always tell men to stop complaining about their sorrows and keep it together. However, when men are exposed to a certain emotional situation, the society puts them under the pressure of keeping their feelings inside and not letting them out. It feels like they are forced to act ridiculously, like it is a must. As a result, that affects them as they grow up. It is a long term effect! All of these problems may cause side effects to their lives on so many levels. Such as, they may be turned to violence as a solution. For example, most of the boys have chaotic problems as they cannot follow the rules that are made for discipline. As, we all have known men are always the one who commit violent crimes. According to single sex schools, boys have a highly record on fighting. Therefore, their aggressiveness is taken to the next level and it may lead to abuse. Added to that, they are forced to hide in a nut shell with their emotions. Moreover, they are forced to be keeping their feelings to themselves and not to show it to anyone. It may be surprising but, boys tend to be quite in embarrassing situations. Girls have better ways in showing feelings; for example, in an important occasion such as birthdays she tries her best and do efforts for making this person happy while, boys cannot express his feelings towards this person. As the problem may appear hard and does not seem to have solutions, IT DOES! ; First, parents must crave in their raising that their sons need more attention; they have to make them learn how to be strong and passionate and show his feelings without being embarrassed. In addition parents must teach them not to choose the extremes of feelings; like they do not have to be soft and not to be harsh. Parents should accept their personality and not to try to change it. In conclusion, men must destroy this nut shell of emotions; and, the society should associate with them and not to judge them for being different. Additionally parents should talk with their sons for solving this problem and not to neglect their feelings.

The appian way Essay Example For Students

The appian way Essay First conceived in 312 B.C. by Appius Claudius the Appian Way was known as the Queen of roads. She was Romes first military highway, in a time when most didnt consider building roads. Let alone one that would last millenniums. The Appian Way or Appia begins at the foot of the colosseum. Not far afterwards is the ruins of the Milliarium Aureum, which was built in 20 B.C. by Augustus. The Milliarium Aureum or the Golden Milestone listed the miles/distance from one place to another along the Appia. Construction began on the Appian Way in 312 B.C. while Rome was conquering the Samnites. Who held territory around Capua and Beneventum. (Present day Benevento) Rome wanted a road that lade down to Capua (132 miles away) in order to tie the conquered Samnites into them. They called the road Appia Antic, the first of the Appias. Tying conquered lands into Rome became the Roman way. We will write a custom essay on The appian way specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now It was very important to the Romans for their roads to be straight. They believed that a straight line was the fastest way from one point to another. There is a 30-mile stretch between Cisterna di Latina to Terracina called la fettuccia or the ribbon which is so straight it is practically paralyzing. Surveyors used an instrument called a groma, much like the ones used by surveyors today, to make roads straight. Slaves, convicts, and soldiers were used to pound, smooth and level roads, and to raise walls. The roads were paved with selce, a volcanic rock that was shaped as polygons. These people built the road through mountains, swamps, lakes and rivers. With the Pontie swamp they partly drained it in order to build the road across. They hammered piles into the marsh, and filled around the piles with stone. They would then pound in the stone and do the same thing again and again until they couldnt pound it anymore. Afterwards they laid a layered bed of road overtop. There are three Appias: Appia Antic, Appia Traiana, and Appia Nova. Appia Nova, modern day state highway seven, runs 125 miles from Rome to Benevento. Via Appia Traiana runs 120 miles from Benevento to Barium. (Today Bari) It then runs another 70 miles down the Adriatic to Brundisium. Appia Antic runs 132 miles from Rome to Capua. The most famous of the three is Via Appia Traiana for famous people such as Mark Twain, Lord Byron, Hannible, Charlemagne, and St. Paul have traveled it. Today only 4.5 miles of the Appian Way is within Romes city limits. The Appia only has 2 1/8 lanes, but most Italians like to pretened that it has three. All of the Appian Way is covered with ruins and monuments. Roman monuments are owned by the government and are not usually restored or very well maintained. This is mostly because of the lack of money that the government has. Christian monuments on the other hand are owned by the Vatican, and are very well maintained. Many ruins are used as dumping grounds or are lived in. It is believed by the Italian people that the ruins are to be used or abused. These ruins include the amphitheater in Santa Maria, were Spartacus started the slave rebellion in 73 B.C. They also include the Roman tombs that line the Appia. Ancient Romans believed that if many people knew their name they would gain immortality. The poor couldnt afford land in which to build a tomb, so they were buried underground. They were buried in loculi, coffin-like niches, which were cut into the soft rock of the catacombs. The two most known catacombs are San Sebastiano and San Callisto. Each of these catacombs stretch about ten miles, and were used in the first four centuries of A.D. .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6 , .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6 .postImageUrl , .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6 , .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6:hover , .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6:visited , .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6:active { border:0!important; } .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6:active , .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6 .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7d8484f541f2f0051589fcb9e3939fa6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Atomic Bomb EssaySan Callisto holds the remains of the first six early popes. Today more weddings are held along side the Appia than funerals. During the renaissance men built houses on top of the tombs of Scipioni and Cotta or Casal Rotondo. Both of these houses are lived in today. Each season farmers plow the villa in which Emperor Commodus killed the Quintili brothers for. Trash dumpsters are lined along the tomb of Cecilia Metella, a woman who knew Julius Caeser. The cars that travel these ancient

U.S. Marshalls essays

U.S. Marshall's essays Ever since I was a little boy I have wanted to be a police officer, and through the years my interest has grown more and more. In high school I did ride along with the local police department and I also worked as a security guard for the parks and recreation department in my town. I enjoy people and I like to help people so I decided on a career in law enforcement. Coming into college it was important for me to pick a career in law enforcement and I read an article about U.S. Marshals and the duties they perform. This is why I want to be a U.S. Marshal!!! THE MISSION of the United States Marshals Service is to protect the Federal courts and ensure the effective operation of the judicial system. Since 1789, U.S. Marshals and their Deputies have answered the call to service of the American people. From taking the census to protecting the President, the missions of the Service have changed to meet the needs of the nation. Today, the Marshals Service is responsible for providing protection for the federal judiciary, transporting federal prisoners, protecting endangered federal witnesses and managing assets seized from criminal enterprises. In addition, the men and women of the Marshals Service pursue and arrest 55 percent of all federal fugitives, more than all other federal agencies combined. The backbone of the Marshals Service has always been the individual Deputy Marshal. Portrayed throughout history for legendary heroics in the face of lawlessness, these Deputies carry out their daily assignments with dedication and professionali sm. The United States Marshal is appointed by the President of the United States and approved by the U.S. Senate for a period of 4 years. He is required to live in his District, with the exception of the U.S. Marshal for the District of Columbia and U.S. Marshal for the District of Columbia Superior Court; the two Marshals can live in the surrounding districts. The Marshals ...

Critical Issue Paper Three Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Critical Issue Paper Three - Essay Example Thus, Marshall's stance is on the brink of exaggeration or at the least overreaction. We may forgive him, considering that the victory may have pushed him to go overboard with excessive elation. But the truth of the matter is, the victory was far from being impossible. The basis for this contention is, first, Germany was practically smashed to smithereens as a result of World War I, which ended in 1919. The Treaty of Versailles in 1919 militarily, politically, and economically emasculated Germany, which was forced to limit its armed forces to a measly 100,000 troops with conscription absolutely prohibited1. Moreover, German naval forces were virtually crippled by a provision limiting it to a mere possession of 6 battleships, 6 cruisers, 12 torpedo boats and 12 destroyers plus a provision strictly banning the importation, exportation and manufacture of weapons and poison gas as well as the prohibition of submarines, military aircrafts, artillery and tanks. Thus, the Treaty of Versailles rendered Germany a political lameduck worthy of international pity. To add injury to all those insults, Germany was stripped of its territorial possessions notably West Prussia, Danzig, eastern Upper Silesia, Alsace-Lorraine, and Northern Schleswig2. In 1939, one year before the outbreak of World War II, Germany had barely revived itself from the catastrophic devastation. In 1939, the naval force of Germany was inconsequentially insignificant with a mere 8 cruisers, 18 submarines and 3 pocket battleships3. However, in direct contravention of the Treaty of Versailles, Hitler started to rearm Germany and conscripted Germans to the Nazi Wehrmacht. But still in 1939, the Allied forces were in the upper hand. The body count of those who participated in World War II in behalf of the Allied forces was overwhelming as the Allies were able to conscript not only British, French, Russians, Americans (6 million) and Poles but also Canadians (1.1 million), Mexicans, British Indians, Australians, New Zealanders, Nepalese, Greeks etc.4. The Allied manpower alone, gave them the edge. The AXIS manpower, on the other hand, was limited to the Germans, Italians and the Japanese as the conquered countries such as France, Poland, the Scandinavian and Balkan countries never willfully contributed manpower to the AXIS cause but instead fought against them via the underground resistance movements. 3 To say that the Allies were fighting an almost indefensible war is a ludicrous statement because although oftentimes they were caught with their backs on the wall yet the Allies had definite advantages. Prior to the war, Britain was one of the most prosperous nations in the world with

Operation Pressure Point.The Drug Trade Problem Essay

Operation Pressure Point.The Drug Trade Problem - Essay Example (DEA, 2007) Fantino (2000), a former Chief of Police, states that the role of the policemen is to ensure the safety and security of the members of society against those who may wish it harm. The proliferation of drugs is certainly a threat to society and should be addressed in the soonest possible time. However, even with the many programs instituted by police agencies, the problem still lingers. Zimmer (1987) and the Vera Institute of Justice (1993) relate to us two police strategies that are conceptually effective but are actually insufficient. In the 1980's, the drug problem in the East Side was getting rampant to the point that sales and usage of the illegal substances were blatantly exposed on the streets. The Lower East Side became the proverbial drug addict's heaven as he had unlimited access to drugs with little or no threat of arrest. This state of affairs was the result of the declining capacity of the police to counter the problem due to budget cuts and decline in personnel (Smith, 1982). To counter the problem and to address the increasing community pressure, the Police Department launched Operation Pressure Point which involved the assignment of about 250 officers who conducted buy-bust operations, patrolling, boarding up of abandoned buildings and fencing of parks and vacant lots. Community involvement and improvements and prioritization of drug related complaints were also employed. According to the information gathered by Zimmer (1987), the operation succeeded in halting the blatant drug supermarket and was able to reduce the volume of drugs traded in the area. Nonetheless, Zimmer (1987) argues that the success of the operation was limited as the achievements were only superficial. Underneath the seeming improved situation lies still the drug problem as the trade still continues. To counter the increased police presence, drug dealers employed more lookouts, varied the time and venue of sales, sold in large quantities and made deals only with established clients. The result was that the availability levels were like before. In one of his later papers, Zimmer (1993) points out that the rationale behind the operation was the 'mass-arrest strategy' where the police believe that a major sweep of a drug-infested area could lead to the arrest of many drug dealers. This would ensure that the drug problem would be eliminated in that area. However, Zimmer (1993) argues that even though such strategy "destabilizes the market"; it also "creates opportunity for new people to come into the business". Replacements are not a problem especially in poor communities where "there is no shortage of people who are looking for this opportunity". Reading Zimmer (1987) reveals to us the complex problem of addressing the drug trade problem and breaks our notion that mass arrests could lead to the elimination of this threat. I find Operation Pressure Point praiseworthy because the methods were based on a range of consistent, integrated and comprehensive approaches appropriate to local problems but I also find it lacking in the sense that it was unable to realize that weeds should be pulled at its roots and not only at its stalk. From my point of view, the operation achieved only little because it did not provide for any methods to identify the main suppliers but instead focus on the low end dealers. Instead of focusing only the consumer side, they should also have broken the supply chain right from the